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ASEAN Economic Community ( AEC ) or the ASEAN Economic Community ( AEC ) which will be effective at the end of 2015 has the potential to drive growth in the number of tourists to Indonesia which is still about 9 % per year to above 10 % .
" With the implementation of MEAs , there will be an increase in the movement of people in the region , which means that the number of tourists to Indonesia from ASEAN countries will increase as well . Especially with the plan for the implementation of the ASEAN Common Visa , will greatly facilitate foreign nationals from outside ASEAN come to Indonesia , including through other hubs such as Singapore or Bangkok , we are optimistic that it will happen acceleration Indonesian tourism " , said Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy , Mari Pangestu in the event Public Seminar and Soft Launching " The ASEAN Economic Community : A Work in Progress " , on Tuesday ( 18/03/2014 ) in Jakarta .
There are many opportunities to take on Indonesia ASEAN economic integration through the MEAs , including in the tourism sector and creative economy . The important question is ' What should we do so that Indonesia could reap as much benefit from MEA ' real and how to prepare such measures " , says Mari .
Opportunities in Tourism Sector
Menparekraf asserted , Indonesia should seize the opportunities of growth of ASEAN tourism sector which is the highest in the world . During the period 2005-2012 , this region tourism grew by an average 8.3 % per year , well above the average global growth of just 3.6 % . Even in 2013 , the flow of tourists to ASEAN countries reached 92.7 million , an increase of 12 % over the previous year , while the global growth of only 5 % .
The development of the tourism sector makes increasingly important role for the economy of ASEAN countries . In 2023 , the potential contribution of tourism to the economy of this region is projected to reach U.S. $ 480 billion with an average growth of 5.8 % per year , while investment growth of about 6.8 % per year . " This is a great opportunity , tourism in Indonesia should be able to use it to strengthen the national economy , " said the Minister .
In recent years , the tourism sector's contribution to the national economy growing. It was when the national economy is facing a global crisis like last year , when export revenues fell sharply . Tourism has increased its contribution rose from 10 % to 17 % of the total Indonesian exports of goods and services and its position as the largest foreign exchange earner increased from rank 5 to rank 4 with foreign exchange earnings amounted to 10 billion USD .
Meanwhile, the direct contribution to GDP has reached 3.8 % , and if the multiplier effect into account , the contribution of tourism to GDP reached about 9 % . Employment in this sector has reached 10.18 million people , or 8.9 % of the total number of workers so that labor is the creator of the sector 's fourth largest .
In view of a number of existing indicators , opportunities to further enhance the role of tourism in the national economy is wide open enough for Indonesia . Competitiveness of Indonesian tourism sector continued to experience improvement as noted by the World Economic Forum competitiveness of Indonesian tourism increased , from 74 of the 140 countries ranked , and finally to the position 70 of the 140 countries . For ASEAN competitiveness of Indonesian tourism is ranked 4th ..
Various measures have also been carried out by Kemenparkeraf to increase competitiveness , especially in the aspect of improving the quality of human resources . Through 2013 and then , Kemenparekraf have certified many as 58 627 workers of tourism . This figure is well above the target of just projecting that as many as 50,000 workers by 2014 . These figures do not include certification as a self-financing , directly or certification made by the higher education tourism.
In addition , Kemenparekraf also has established standards for the industry such as hotels . There are 9 standard effort has been put in place , including the Green Hotel . Standard Green Hotel include aspects of environmental management , energy efficiency and water use , the impact on the community site, and use of raw materials and supplies from within the country and from the local area .
" That said, the Tourism sector including the relatively ready , even from the aspect of human resources. Indonesia is also the lead because of the standards used to assess the competence of workers in ASEAN Tourism ( ACCSTP ) is mostly a standard that has been applied in Indonesia , " said Menparekraf . In addition , Indonesia also appointed as the Regional Secretariat will facilitate the implementation of the Mutual Recognition Arrangement ( MRA ) of the professional tourism workforce .
Progress tourism will lead to the improvement of public welfare , because tourism has a large multiplier effect , especially with the creative industries , which does have a very close relationship with tourism. Tourism and creative economy sector as well as value added inclusive growth directly perceived local communities .
" Various sectors of the creative industry has become an increasingly popular tourist attraction , such as culinary arts , design , or fashion . Progress tourism will directly advance the creative industries ; otherwise advanced creative industries will make a city or an area developed into a superior tourism destination , as can be seen from the case of Bandung , Yogyakarta , Jember , Solo , Banyuwangi and Bali , " said Menparekraf .
Creative Economic Sector
Studies conducted with the WTO , OECD and UNCTAD on global value chains mentioned that an efficient services sector is an important factor to increase exports of a country and compete in the global value chain . Content services sector in Indonesia's total exports is still low at only 21 % of the total exports . While the content of the service sector in countries like USA , UK, France , Germany and Italy to more than 50% of total exports . Export PRC also has a fairly high content services sector , reaching 30 % of total exports .
In the context of the enactment of the MEA , improving the competitiveness of Indonesian service sector is becoming increasingly important not only to be able to increase exports of services sector itself , but also the export of Indonesian goods . " In addition to better infrastructure , the creative economy can also boost the competitiveness of the services sector and the competitiveness of Indonesian exports . Economic development of the sub-sectors such as creative design , and research and development encourage Indonesia's exports become more competitive in the global value chain to reap the benefits of including the ASEAN economic integration through the MEA , "said Menparekraf .
Based on the statistics , in 2013 the contribution of the creative economy to the economy of Rp 641.8 trillion or 7 % of national GDP . Creative economy also posted a trade surplus during the period 2010 to 2013 with a surplus value of Rp 118 T. Contributions exchange of creative economic sector reached 11 , 89 billion USD , so in total the sector of tourism and creative economy accounts for foreign exchange amounted to 21.95 billion USD or contribute amounted to 11.04 % in the total foreign exchange Indonesia . Seeing all of that , the incorporation of tourism affairs and the affairs of the creative economy into one Ministry / Agency : Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy assessed very precisely in order to improve the responsiveness of governments in the policy pro-job , pro-poor , pro-growth , pro-environment .
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