Seminar on History and Affirming Culture A Definition

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BY KAMARDI RAIS DT PANJANG SIMULIE

Thirty years ago, who said Minang people, precisely on the date of August 1, 1970, I noted in my diary saying an Indonesian archaeologist, Dr. Soekmono. He said, "Awareness of history is very thin urang crew." Many historical relics are found in this area is left damaged and abandoned. Yet those things have value that can reveal the history of the Minangkabau of high archeological history.

Dr. Speech. Soekmono was delivered to us when releasing tired under a frangipani tree in the tomb complex of Datuk Tan Gurhano in Pariangan Padangpanjang Tejo. Pariangan Villages located at the foot of Mount Merapi which is believed as the oldest country in Minangkabau as told by the books of Tambo.

History and Culture Seminar held in Batusangkar Minangkabau from August 1 to August 7, 1970. The day before the opening event study excursion to historic places.

Bersebar seminar participants in several groups who choose their own traffic studies show. There are some groups who visit the Kubu Rajo, Stone review Batikam; hiking Youngest want to see a cave that is believed to store valuable objects owned by the royal Pagaruyung; to the foot of Bukit Batu Siminyak Patah and Padang, where nan Sabatang Perpatih not leave Pagaruyung toward wayward sons Tigo Baleh; Tabek Rice INVESTOR home to the Long Hall, to the Limo The 12 Koto, Bodi Caniago Lareh center; into the River Arrow Neutral 8 Batur, where the elder Mr. Commandments in Basa Ampek Hall, and the central Lareh Koto Piliang; to Sumanik, where Mr Makhudum , and where Mr. INDOMO Saruaso; to Padang Gantiang where Mr Kadhi, and to Batipuah, where Mr. Gadang (royal War Commander Pagaruyung).

Location was not visited Buo, where Indigenous and Sumpur Rajo Ghost, where Rajo Ibadat. Far from the city of Batusangkar or seminar location. In the early years of the New Order government, the infrastructure has not been much better.

Our party numbered 11 people to review the oldest villages Pariangan Padangpanjang Minangkabau. Members of the group consisting of: Soekmono, myself, Alm. Drs. Tamsin Medan, A.A. Navis, Drg. Yetty Noor, Dra. Asmaniar Idris. 2 people involved are also foreign experts from the UK and Japan.

We did not get to venues Peacock, a place willing to mayam King called in Tambo, Koto Pasumayan Stone. We only towards the hot springs. Attention to the grave of our old long-Datuk Tan Gurhano Tejo. A community leader from the crowd appearing Pariangan community. Apparently they have been awaiting our arrival at the tomb complex. An "ancestor" long talked about Datuk Tan Rejo Gurhano that "maatok sambie duduak, manurang sambie tagak" (putting on the roof, sitting alone and put Turang while standing). "Oh, how high Datuk Tan Gurhano Tejo. Datuk supposedly can reach no matter how tall coconuts. "

"Some of these long tombs?" He asked. Soekmono pubakala expert. Datuk replied: "Graves are sacred tomb, sir! When we calculate there are 23 steps with a step. If the repeated count of the east end of the cemetery turned out to be 19 steps long. " The people who were present in front of the tomb were the noise with a variety of comments and looks wide-eyed face.

After that approximately four to five people counted again with each stride, but the result was different. Some say only 17 steps, there are 21 steps.

"This cemetery really sacred," said an ancestor, who acted as spokesman for the host.

Dr. Soekmono then approached the old man. "May this tomb excavated for research?" What's Datuk answered?

"Since from our ancestors Pariangan person, from generation to generation, this is pemali, taboo and forbidden. No one dared to dig it. Ulando (Netherlands) did not. Though their iron-armed, imperialist, and powerful. It's practically pemali, a taboo, then it went Ulando. No one dared. How to dig, while the long count this tomb alone is showing signs of the sacred with the permission of Allah. Someone counted 23 steps, 21, paces, 19 paces and 17 paces, "said the man.

Searching for data in the history of the Minangkabau's like they say, is like looking for a needle that fell into the grass. Or, like looking for lice in the thick palm. Our eyes are not strong enough to find a needle that was so soft grass beneath. Or, make our hearts sick of looking for lice that is lost because midar in palm fiber rolls.

In terms of science history books of fairy tales Tambo was more than able to hold onto the fact that the history of the word Mangaradja Onggang Parlindungan who authored the book Tuanku Rao. After repeatedly reading Tambo was not let go thirsty for a traveler who wants to wander in the desert of history and culture of Minangkabau.

A scholar of history IKIP Padang (now UNP) which Tambo find a book written in Arabic script Malays. On the cover page said, Tambo was finished after breakfast.

Well, breakfast anytime? Day Monday? Thursday? I do not know us.

What is disclosed by the lecturer IKIP Padang felt like an antidote against drowsiness. At the seminar the participants look tired to hear the paper or papers from several experts.

From the seminar, the complexity of complete chaos muddled history of the Minangkabau who like the tangled threads that do not know where the base and where the edges. Once the study results appear from the record of the excursion or opinions expressed in the seminar.

For example, who the leaders of Sri Maharajo Dirajo, or descendants of Iskandar Zulkarnain trio named in the Tambo:

"Rajo Batigo naiak nobat. Alif Maharajo banamo Surang ka nan Banur Ruhum pie, nan nan surang Maharajo Dipang down ka banur Cino, surang nan lai ka Maharajo Dirajo manapek nangko Paco island. "

(The three climbed nobat king, ascended the throne. A king named Alif is been observed in Rome, a man named King Dipang Banur down to China and another of Sri Maharaja Believe Kings headed to this island).

Does the phrase Tambo is a myth? Is the myth can be trusted as history? The answer should we see from the habits of our ancestors Minang people are fond of saying "ramp" or by innuendo.

The problem is, Can we sift, sift, the word "malereang" in tambo "Perhaps to illustrate that it is old Minang culture. Three people have the same king to the throne that is zuriat Iskandar Zulkarnain from the Macedonian, son of Philippus II (356-323 Seb. AD). Minang cultural meaning and history of truly noble. Approximately three centuries before the first millennium, gob Minangkabau had reached the Indus River valley, India. They met with a group Onesecritus, Iskandar Zulkarnaini troops.

Tambo did not include a number of years, because the legend is history or the history of indigenous culture into the identity of the Minangkabau. Tambo imply in a poem.

Dimano titiak palito

In baliak telong nan batali

From mano down niniak Kito

From the summit of Mount Merapi

(From which point the lamp

Behind the lace tanglung

Where did we fathers go down

From the summit of Mount Merapi volcano)

A poem which is derived by the Minang ancestors diarifi that each line must have a deep meaning. Not only the last two lines of verse that's all diarifi, even sampirannya line must also be sought what he meant, what it implied.

From the above verse sampiran asked from where the lamp light was coming. Answered himself: Noon, behind a roped tanglung. Implicit in it the light of a lamp or Minang tradition and culture, have radiated far beyond the light tanglung. Is not that a vague statement that China's culture and philosophy, such as kung fu tse (Confucius) that developed in the years 551-479 BC, almost contemporaneous with the Iskandar Zulkarnain?

We recognize also, in general, tambo books written after Islam was introduced to the Minangkabau. Hamka and Dr.M.D. Mansur estimate Minangkabau Islam had entered the eastern part of the 7th century AD. Arab merchants go up a river which empties into the east coast of Sumatra island. They not only engaged in trade, but also as a good developer of the Islamic religion.

Through the Siak River on the east and west Ulakan Pariaman of Islam to the heart of Minangkabau. Since then made a proverb, 'Indigenous declines, syarak climb. Indigenous decreased from Pariangan Padangpanjang on the slopes of Merapi, syarak Ulakan and climb from the lowlands east coast. Until now the pious Minang people called "people of Siak."

But the distance between the time of Iskandar Zulkarnain Maharaja who became zuriat Tambo Dirajo with writing at about the 15th century when King of Pagaruyung Alif, the first king who embraced Islam seemed too far away. Impression of the seminar explored the deep trunk found more and more transverse root that must be completed first.

For example, Datuk Datuk Perpatih Katumanggung and nan Sabatang whether contemporaneous with the Sri Maharajo Dirajo?

Is Parpatih and Katumanggung one person, or hereditary, as an hereditary sako? -Muddled matter how difficult the Minangkabau historical chaos seen in the seminar, but the spontaneity of the people welcomed the seminar is great. I value this seminar is not like ordinary seminar participants tens or hundreds less. The observers came from various countries in West Sumatra. There are even coming from Limo Koto district, Riau, (Kuok, Bangkinang, Salo, Water Tiris and Rumbio). Limo areas formerly included luhak Koto (county) Puluah Limo Koto. In the year 1958 by the Government Djuanda administratively incorporated into the newly established Riau province separated from the Central Sumatra. May be called a national level seminar, but in the opinion Ninik Mamak in Batusangkar, the events in his town was a Rapek Gadang Alam Minangkabau. So, is the History and Culture Week Minangkabau.

People Pagaruyung slaughtering a buffalo and entertain all participants at the seminar. Arena customary banquet held at the field ustano (tomb) Pagaruyung Kings. Atmosphere like this brings our thoughts drifted away into the past, "Bak raso home Katumanggungan, Tub raso hiduik Parpatih Sabatang, barakaiak kiramaik Indo Teak, noble alamnyo Minangkabau."

Our elders, Minangkabau leaders present as if I had intended to "Home Basamo". Attending the seminar was Dr. H. Mohammad Hatta, Proclaimer Independence, and former first Vice President who was 68 years old and already ill.

From the seminar room, I noticed Bung Hatta from afar. Several times Bung Hatta left his seat to walk to the back of the stage, guided by the faithful private secretary, I. Wangsa Wijaya. The Minangkabau scholar who was the evening as if racing with time to leave something worthwhile for the future Minagkabau custom and culture they loved.

On the third day seminar happening of an event that has never happened. National building so the place was packed seminar. Some participants appear to stand up because not get seats. On that morning, at 8:00 pm, Bung Hatta will read a paper comparable to Buya Hamka presented a day earlier with a distinctive style and hilarious.

But what happened?

Bung Hatta has not appeared in the seminar room. Session leader is the historian Drs. M.D. Mansur. People know that Bung Hatta was very disciplined with time. 0800 through 10 minutes of Drs. M.D. Mansur who become moderators, banged his gavel three times as a sign of the trial opened.

"It has happened that never happened," said the moderator in bringing the trial. "We love Bung Hatta was not yet present. In accordance with the schedule in the event of Bung Hatta was supposed to deliver unparalleled Buya Hamka papers at 08.00 am this morning. While waiting for news from the committee, I schors trial. "Back Drs. M.D. Mansur tapped his gavel.

Maybe it's not exactly time Bung Hatta. So far, we've never heard of Bung Hatta arrived late. He is famous as a character who is very disciplined with time.

Tanah Datar Regent, Mahyuddin Algamar, who came bowing and then, whispering to Drs.MD Mansur said that Bung Hatta was undergoing eye treatment. According to the committee, soon he will present a paper deliver unrivaled.

Participants looked relieved. Participants who already sat out back in their places. Not long after them, Bung Hatta car was in front of the National Building Batusangkar. With a very slow step, Bung Hatta entered the seminar room followed by his personal secretary Iding Wangsa Wijaya, Mr. Bahder Djohan, Dr. Noer, Buya Hamka, Mahyuddin Algamar Tanah Datar Regent, and others.

Session of the seminar was opened by a moderator, Drs. M.D. Mansur, by saying sorry to the Bung Hatta, who he said had happened "what never happened". Bung Hatta arrived late due to illness and treatment should be done on her eyes. That is what led to his late attendance at this seminar. Then Drs. M.D. Mansur allow time to convey to the Bung Hatta-dingannya tires.

So the atmosphere of History and Culture Seminar Minangkabau in Batusangkar, Luhak nan Tuo, on August 1 to 7, 1970. The seminar, as I recall, sponsored by the Institute of Culture Jakarta Minangkabau chaired by Prof.Dr. Bahder Djohan, Governor of West Sumatra. Drs. Harun Zain, the Mayor of Padang Drs. Achirul Yahya, Center for Minangkabau Studies headed by Mochtar Naim, LKAAM West Sumatra, UNAND, IKIP Padang, and Tanah Datar Regent.

I feel fortunate to be participants of the seminar as an emissary of the West Sumatra LKAAM to submit a paper requested by the seminar committee. The paper I wrote with Mr. M. Rashid Manggis Dt. Rajo panghulu, a customs expert in Bukittinggi. While other representatives of West Sumatra is LKAAM RM Dt. Tandiko nan Itam, Nurhasan Dt. Marajo and Amir Bey Dt. BANDARO of Solok. They are now dead. In addition to submit a paper, incidentally also my duty as a journalist covering the every afternoon should I report to the editorial in the Valley tomorrow morning in order to spread the Army Daily newspaper edition of Padang.

The seminar opened with a traditional ceremony held at the Hall of City. Representatives Ninik Mamak and Bundo Kanduang Minangkabau Alam, Bung Hatta, Prof.Dr. Bahder Djohan, Buya Prof.Dr.Hamka, Dr. Noer, Mochtar Naim, Muspida West Sumatra, Prof. Kuntjaningrat from LIPI, Ismail Hasan SH, representing Menpen Boediardjo, Drs. Moh. Rajab, the head of a Level II Regions of West Sumatra, the Kakanwil, Head of Department, BKPUI LKAAM and West Sumatra, sat cross-legged on the hall.

On the closing date of August 7, 1970 seminar in the field PSBS Batusangkar, Buya Hamka reading seminars formula which provides that the source Miangkabau historiography consists of:

1.       The books Tambo

2.      Relics of the old, in the form of artifacts, inscriptions, etc.

3.      Said exposure to older people

4.      Writing materials from the Archipelago and foreign

Meanwhile, customs and culture with the philosophy of Traditional Basandi Minagkabau Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah, Syarak Mangato, Indigenous Mamakai with Minangkabau customary sense of the word is un-Islamic customs.

Minang people are saying is:

"Ancestors came down from Mount Merapi. Now located within the Unitary State of Republic of Indonesia leaned toward the House. "

Done remarks Governor of West Sumatra, Aaron Zain, prayers and readings are saved, the seminar was closed by watching ballet Imam Bonjol. Imam Bonjol Ballet performances are magnificent in the closing seminar tells the heroic spirit of the Minangkabau people against the colonial Dutch in the early 19th century. *